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Entries tagged with ‘dependency theory’
UNCTAD established & UNCTAD-I Geneva
The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was established as a subsidiary organ of the United Nations General Assembly to promote the integration of developing countries into the world economy in order to accelerate their development. At the first conference, UNCTAD-I, in Geneva in 1964, the developing countries established the Group of 77 to voice their concerns (today, the G77 has 131 members). At the time, many developing countries were only recently independent from colonial rule, and made historic challenges to developed countries demanding economic and political independence.
Furtado ‘Development and Underdevelopment’
Furtado, C. (1964) ‘Development and Underdevelopment’, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
Furtado was one of the ‘structuralist’ dependency theorists, along with Osvaldo Sunkel and Pedro Paz. Francisco Sagasti summarises these authors’ argument that “underdevelopment, particularly in Latin America, was a consequence of the historical process of industrialisation in Europe and later in North America, and that development and underdevelopment were actually two facets of the same process of expansion of western capitalism beginning in the nineteenth century.” (Sagasti, 1973:48)
Herrera ‘Social Determinants of Science Policy in Latin America’
“This article postulates a new approach to development from the point of view of technological requirements. Its basic characteristics would be an objective of satisfying basic needs such as food, shelter, health and education: development based on indigenous natural and human resources: new technologies which are not socially disruptive, allowing a smooth continuous transition from traditional societies to better forms of social organisation; and the objective of the rational management of the environment as a guideline of economic and social Read the full article »
‘Technological Dependence, Monopoly and Growth’ by Merhav
Merhav, M. ‘Technological Dependence, Monopoly and Growth’, Pergamon Press
Merhav suggests that developing countries are not likely to repeat the same process of development that the developed countries have done, with regards to industrialisation and growth, and warns against ‘techological dependence’. He also argues that transnational corporate control of technology is a key factor in binding developing economies to an “open economy” policy in the international system.
